Historical Insights -- Virginia during the Civil War
March 1860
These three documents are simply the same deed naming Harvey Scott. I haven't looked closely at them to say what they are right away, so we will explore it together. Let's get started, shall we? I got the copy of the deed in my hand in April of 1987.
Harvey Scott, 1860 Deed first half
Know all Men by these Presents, that We Elbridge F. Greenough of Salisbury in the county of Merrimack and state of New Hampshire and Elisabeth, wife of the said Elbridge for and in consideration of the sum of two hundred dollars to us in hand, before the delivery hereof, well and truly paid by Harvey Scott of the county of Merrimack aforesaid, the receipt whereof we do hereby acknowledge, have granted, bargained and sold, and by these presents do give, grant, bargain, sell, alien, enscoss, convey and confirm unto the said Harvey Scott his heirs and assigns forever, A certain tract of land situated in Salisbury aforesaid, founded & described as follows to wit --, commencing on the South Road so called in said Salisbury at the south easterly corner of land to Ezekiel Woodard, thence running northerly on said Woodard land twenty eight rods to a stake? & stands thence easterly eight rods to a stake & stones, thence southerly twenty rods to the south road, thence by said road eight rods to the bound first mentioned being the same land conveyed to me by James H. Heath? & wife by deed dated August 4, 1839 with the buildings thereon.
Harvey Scott, 1860 deed lower half
To have and to hold the said granted premises, with all the privileges and appurtenances to the same belonging to him the said Harvey Scott and his heirs and assigns, for his and their only proper use and benefit forever. And I the said Elbridge F. Greenough and my heirs, executors and administrators, do hereby covenant, grant, and agree to and with the said Harvey Scott and his heirs and assigns, that until the delivery hereof, I am the lawful owners of the said premises, and am seized and possessed therof in my own right in fee simple: and have full power and lawful authroity to grant and convey the same manner aforesaid; that the said premises are free and clear from all and every incumbrance whatsoever; and that I and my heirs, executors and administrators, shall and will warrant and defend the same to the said Harvey Scott and his hairs and assigns, aganst the lawful claims and demands of any person or persons whomsoever. And I Elisabeth Greenough wife of the said Elbridge in consideration aforesaid, do hereby relinquish my right of dower in the before mentioned premises.
And we each of us do hereby release, discharge and waive all such rights of exemption from attachment and levy or sale on [illegible] other rits whatsoever, in said premises and in each and every part thereof as our family homestead, as are reserved or secured to us or either of us by the Statute of the State of New Hampshire, penned July 4th, 1861, entitled "An Act to exempt the homestead of families from attachment and levy or sale on execution" or by any other statute or Statutes of said State.
In Witness Whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals this fifteenth day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty
Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of us: Charles E. Foote; J.K. Clement; Elbridge F. Greenough [his mark]; Elisabeth R Greenough [her mark]
State of New Hampshire, March 13, 1860. Personally Appearing the above named Elbridge F. Greenough acknowleged the foregoing instrument to be their voluntary act and deed before me [undated] signed J.K. Clement.
Harvey Scott 1860 Deed
This is what the whole document looks like. Now you can see why I cut out the middle man, right? So, to translate the deed, it looks like Elbridge and Elisabeth Greenough sold their property which is described by using a landmark and walking around the perimeter of the land pointing out the corners at Woodard's place, and then two Stakes and Stones as markers. Did it say how many acres this was? I don't think so. As far as I can tell, it is about 28 rods on one side, about 462 feet on that side. This looks to be just under 5 acres. But he paid 200 dollars, which is more than $5,000 as of 2014.
1861 -- Abraham Lincoln becomes the sixteenth President of the United States
Virginia ratified their articles of secession on May 23, 1861. The next day Union troops captured the city of Alexandria. 1863. Credit: Buyenlarge/Archive Photos/Getty Images
Credit: Buyenlarge/Archive Photos/Getty ImagesHarvey Scott
HISTORICAL INSIGHTSVirginia during the Civil War
Virginia during the Civil War
Its location and industry made Virginia key to both the Union and the Confederacy during the American Civil War.
Virginia’s role in the American Civil War cannot be underestimated. The state was home to Richmond, the Confederate capital: a symbol of pride for the South and a symbol of resistance and treason to the North. The state was also a center of industry, agriculture, and transportation, making it a rich target for Union forces and a desperately needed resource for the South. Virginia’s rivers, valleys, and mountains were the scenes of several important military actions at Chancellorsville, Manassas, and, finally, the surrender at Appomattox. 155,000 Virginians served the Confederacy, including raw recruits from the Virginia Military Institute and Emory and Henry College, who formed their own units such as the Richmond Howitzers and the Stonewall Brigade. The state also provided the Confederacy with some of its greatest military leaders, including General Robert E. Lee, Lt. General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, Major General J.E.B. Stuart, Lt. General A.P Hill, and General Joseph E. Johnston.
Media Gallery
Union shelling and fires heavily damaged a number of Virginia towns and cities during the Civil War. 1861. Credit: Otto Herschan/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Throughout the war, the cry of “On to Richmond”—the Confederate capital—was regularly chanted by Union troops. 1860s, Richmond, Virginia. Credit: Mathew Brady/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain
On April 9, 1865, the formal surrender ending the war took place at Appomattox Court House in Virginia.Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/UIG via Getty Images
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